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Eli_Cheap little lies
03/23/24, 12:00 AM
1. antelope n. 羚羊
2. ignoble adj. 卑鄙可耻的、不太光荣的
  
  noble adj. 高贵的
3. broach v. 开始谈论、引入（令人尴尬或有异议的话题）
4. discern v. 看出、分辨出、听出 = tell
5. mimic v. 模仿（人的言行举止）；（尤指）做滑稽的模仿
  
  mimicry n. 模仿
  
  mock v. 嘲笑 adj. 模拟
6. edge n. 边缘；优势 v. 提供（作为）边缘；小心地一点点移动；使尖锐
  
  an edge over sth. 对于某事的优势，介词用 over
7. deterrent n. 威慑因素；遏制力
  
  deter v. 阻止
8. expend v. 花费、消耗
  
  extend v. 延申（线性）
  
  expand v. 扩张
9. of sorts 某种程度上的
  
  a lie of sorts 一个谎言在某种程度上
10. bind v. 束缚（过去式与过去分词 bound）
  
  be bound to 注定会，必然会
11. cognitive adj. 认知的
12. dictate v. 指示、命令
  
  dictation n. 听写、口授
13. deceive v. 欺骗
  
  receive v. 接收
  
  conceive v. 想到；怀孕
14. renown n. 名誉、声望（被很多人知道，褒义）
  
  prestige n. 声望（褒义）
  
  reputation n. 名声（可能有好有坏）
15. be it A or B 无论 A 还是 B = whether
16. infodemic = information + epidemic 信息传播
17. daunting adj. 令人畏惧的 = intimidating
  
  daunt v. 使胆怯、使丧失信心、使气馁
  
  daunted adj. 胆怯的
  
  haunt v. （鬼魂）萦绕于
  
  haunted adj. 闹鬼的
18. odds n. 概率
  
  odd adj. 奇怪的；奇数的
Eli_IELTS12_Test6_Section4
03/21/24, 12:00 AM
答题
1. confidence
2. visions
3. democratic
4. respect
5. organization(mediator)
知识点
1. uncover v. 揭示
2. executive n. 高管（概念）
  
  director/manager n. 管理者（实际职位）
3. colleague n. 同事（= co-worker）；同志（很少用了）
4. be capable of 能够
5. question v. 质疑
6. vision n. 愿景
7. there are + … are 升调，后面降调
  
  they’re + … 整句都是降调
8. strategy n. 策略
  
  strategic adj. 战略性的（发音重音从 tegic 开始）
9. autocratic adj. 专制的
10. happen to 碰巧
11. treat A as B
12. get out of hand 失控 = spiral out of control
13. resolve v. 解决 n. 决心
  
  resolution n. 决心 new year resolution
14. mouthpiece n. 喉舌（传话的人）
15. mediator n. 调停者、斡旋者、解决纷争的人
听写与原文
1. Some interesting work with Chief Executives (CEOs) has uncovered some of reasons why they may treat colleagues badly.
2. Many CEOs combine two opposing characteristics: confidence that is the belief they’re capable of great achievements with high level of anxiety, a fear of missing targets whether set by themselves or by the directors of the company.
  - Many CEOs combine two opposing characteristics: confidence that is the belief that they’re capable of great achievements with a high level of anxiety, a fear of missing targets whether set by themselves or by the directors of the company.
3. This combination can make them respond badly to anyone who questions their decisions.
4. In a high-pressure work environment, such characteristics become problematic.
5. And it’s particularly difficult to tackle the situation where colleagues, managers and board members are all trying to achieve their own visions.
6. When they come to agree issues and while they see the business going they’re real problems.
  - When they can’t agree on strategic issues and on where they see the business going, there’re real problems.
7. For managers at lower levels with in the organization it might seem that o form of management where the chief executives give the orders and everyone had to obey would see more conflict than others.
  - For managers at lower levels within the organization, it might seem that an autocratic form of management, where the chief executive gives orders and everyone else has to obey, would see more conflict than others.
8. Interestingly, though, a company with a more democratic business model can suffer more, when uncertainty about who to report to leads to conflicting demands.
9. Now I’ll say a little about dealing with the type of conflict has harmful effect of course the ideal to prevant arising is in the first place.
  - Now I’ll say a little about dealing with the type of conflict that has harmful effects. Of course the ideal is to prevent it (from) arising in the first place.
10. A good manager at any level will make efforts to earn respect of the people they work with particularly those who report to them.
  - A good manager, at any level, will make efforts to earn the respect of the people they work with, particularly those who report to them.
11. That will involve politeness in all communications, and treating them equals who happen to have a different role in the organization.
  - That will involve politeness in all communications, and treating them as equals who happen to have a different role within the organization.
12. In such cases, the human resources department often gets involved.
13. However, if one of the parties in the conflict seize human resources as simplely a mouse piece for the chief executive then an external mediator might be able to help.
  - However, if one of the parties in a conflict sees human resources as simply a mouthpiece for the chief executive, then an external mediator might be able to help.
14. By talking to both sides and trying to find the truths of what’s been happening, they can build a clear picture of the situation and give feedback the both side will accept, precisely because they’re independent.
  - By talking to both sides and trying to find the truth of what’s been happening, they can build a clear picture of the situation and give feedback that both sides will accept, precisely because they’re independent.
Eli_Message in a bottle
03/21/24, 12:00 AM
1. taint v. 使腐坏、污染；玷污、败坏
  
  tainted adj. 被污染的
2. on the/one’s way 在路上、在过程中
  
  in the way (of) 阻碍
  
  in a way adv. 以一种方式
  
  by the way 顺便
3. lead n. 铅
4. tap water n. 自来水
  
  tap n. 水龙头
5. lament(重音在后) n. v. 哀叹
6. drop off v. 放下（开车时把乘客放下）n. (drop-off)巨大的下降或落差 adj. (drop-off)异地还车的（还车地点非租车地点的）
7. class-action lawsuit 集体诉讼
8. allege v. 声称、断言
9. deliberate v. 故意的
10. indifference n. 冷漠（对任何事都不区别对待）
11. jury n. 陪审团
  
  judge n. 法官 v. 判断；判决
  
  verdict n. 判决书
  
  settle v. 调节（和解）
12. frenzy n. 疯狂（多用于体育、追星）
13. pay off vi. 成功、得到回报（不及物）
  
  sth. pays off
14. or so 大约
15. earmark v. 留出；指定…的用途；预先安排
16. short of sth. 不够、短缺
17. exemplify v. 以例说明
18. grassroots n. 草根；基层
19. press n. 媒体
  
  press coverage n. 新闻报道
  
  go to press 向媒体揭发、曝光、公之于众
  
  press conference 新闻发布会
20. stimulus n. 促进因素；激励因素；刺激物
  
  stimulus package n. 刺激一揽子计划
21. vie v. 激烈竞争、争夺 compete
22. cash-strapped adj. 缺钱的
  
  strap v. 用带子系（捆、扎、扣）好
23. anaemia/anemia n. 贫血
24. fetal adj. 胎儿的
  
  fetus n. 胎儿
  
  fatal adj. 致命的
25. grant n. v. 给予（正式的）= give
26. hence adv. 因此 = therefore
27. on top of = besides 在…基础上/除此外还有
28. mitigate v. 缓解
  
  irrigate v. 灌溉
29. before long 不久之后
  
  long before 很久以前
30. meantime n. 期间
31. wary v. 小心、谨慎
32. slope n. 坡 v. 倾斜
  
  ramp n. 坡 v. 提供斜坡；增加
  
  ramp up 增加，提高
33. grimace v. (因不快、厌恶或痛苦等)扮怪相
34. fall foul of 因为未能遵守（法律、规则等）可译为比不上
Eli_IELTS12_Test6_Section4
03/20/24, 12:00 AM
答题
1. bulling(bullying)
2. superiority
3. personality
4. structural
5. absence
知识点
1. attitude towards/toward/to(介词)
  
  attitude n. 态度
  
  altitude n. 海拔
2. considerably adv. = very much
  
  considerable adj. 大的、多的
  
  considerate adj. 体贴的
3. appalling adj. 令人震惊的、使人惊骇的、极为恶劣的
4. labor n. 劳动力 v. 劳动
5. a lot adv. 很多
6. find/leave/make A B
7. victim n. 受害者
8. physical adj. 身体上的；物理上的
9. abusive adj. 虐待的；侮辱的
  
  abuse v. 虐待；滥用；辱骂
  
  bully v. 霸凌
10. superior adj. 优越的
  
  superior to
  
  inferior adj. 低人一等的
  
  advantage over sb.
  
  hierarchy n. 等级制度
11. compatible adj. 匹配的、兼容的
12. on the basis that 基于 = because
13. optimism n. 乐观
  
  optimistic adj. 乐观的
  
  pessimism n. 悲观
  
  pessimistic adj. 悲观的
14. justify v. 正名
15. not that 不是说
16. arise vi. 出现、发生、产生
  
  rise vi. 提升
  
  raise vt. 养育；抬升；筹集
17. arise/come about/occur/happen/take place 都表示“发生”，都是不及物动词
18. as a whole adv. 作为一个整体 = generally
19. look down on 看不起
20. behind-the-scene(s) adj. 花絮的；幕后的
21. concerned adj. 相关的（通常都后置）
22. spiral out of control 失控
  
  spiral n. 螺旋形、螺旋式 v. 螺旋上升或下降（急剧）
听写与原文
1. Over the years, attitudes towards workers have changed considerably.
2. After all, there was a time when workers had no rights at all and labored in pooring conditions.
  - After all, there was a time when workers had no rights at all and labored in appalling conditions.
3. Conditions have improved a lot, but conflict in the workplace is still common.
4. And human resources managers nowadays need to be able to deal with it when necessary.
5. Definitions vary, but I’m taking it to refer to a whole range of behaviors that the victims find unacceptable from manner harmless opposite phisical violence.
  - Definitions vary, but I’m taking it to refer to a whole range of behaviors that the victim finds unacceptable from minor, harmless arguments to, at the opposite extreme, physical violence.
6. Much of this is covered by the term - bullying by which I mean one or more people behaving abusively or aggressively against another who is in a weak position.
  - Much of this is covered by the term - bullying by which I mean one or more people behaving abusively or aggressively against another who is in a weaker position.
7. Although all behavior like this is a form of conflict, not all conflict can be described in these terms.
8. But often it is caused by someone who needs to show their superiority over someone else in order to feel that they aren’t at the lowest level of their hierachy or a group of people.
  - But often it’s caused by someone who feels the need to show their superiority over someone else, in order to feel that they aren’t at the lowest level in a hierarchy or a group of people.
9. In some cases, one person simply dislikes the other on the basis that the personality of one is in some way incompatible with the other person.
  - In some cases, one person simply dislikes the other on the basis that the personality of one is in some way incompatible with that of the other person.
10. A general habit of optimism in one person could make them intolerent with their collegues who is constantly pecemistic not as that justified treating them badly of course.
  - A general habit of optimism in one person could make them intolerant of a collegue who’s constantly pessimistic - not that that justifies treating them badly of course.
11. Some conflicts arise when people are more interested in promoting themselves in their team than in their company as a whole.
  - Some conflicts arise when people are more interested in promoting themselves and their team than in their company as a whole.
12. These conflicts are called ‘structural’, and could come about, for example, when the sales team believe they are the only people in the business who do any useful work, and look down on behind the scenes of administrators.
  - These conflicts are called ‘structural’, and could come about, for example, when a sales team believe they are the only people in the business who do any useful work, and look down on behind-the-scenes administrators.
13. Conflict obviously affects individuals concerned the situation is likely to be very stressful for victims result in their absence from work possibly for months.
  - Conflict obviously affects individuals concerned. The situation is likely to be very stressful for victims resulting in their absence from work, possibly for months.
14. For the company, if no effort is made to deal with conflicts, it can spiral out of control, and even lead to the breakdown of the business.
Eli_IELTS12_Test7_Section4
03/14/24, 12:00 AM
答题
1. variable(control)
2. ducks
3. language
4. food
5. supply(costs)
知识点
1. worth adj. 值得的
  
  sth. is worth doing
  
  worthy adj. 值了
2. a mixture of …混合
3. carry out 实施、进行、举行
  
  carry out experiment/study/project/research
  
  implement v. 实施
  
  implement policy/regulations
4. variable n. 变量
  
  constant n. 常量
  
  vary vi. 变化
5. setting n. 设置
6. experimenter 实验者（做实验的人）
  
  participant 实验对象（被做实验的人）
7. implication 潜在的影响
  
  effect/impact 影响
8. migrate v. 迁徙
  
  migratory adj. 迁徙的
9. presumable adv. = probably
10. warrant n. 通缉令 v. 使…显得必要；使…显得适当（即发通缉令以使逮捕显得合法）
11. affective adj. 多愁善感的（感情方面）
12. developmental adj. 发育的
13. acquire v. 获得语言习得
  
  acquisition n. 习得
14. substantial adj. 大量的、很大程度的、重大的、价值很大的
15. come down to 归结于
  
  it comes down to 最终取决于…
16. well-being n. 幸福
17. emit v. 排放（气、水、油）
  
  emission n. 排放
听写与原文
1. Now the way she is carrying out this research is worth thinking about.
2. She is using a mixture of studies, using birds captain laboratories, and studies carried out outdoors in the wild.
  - She is using a mixture of studies using birds kept in laboratories, and studies carried out outdoors in the wild.
3. The lab-based studies have the advantage that you don’t get all the variables that you would in the natural setting.
  - The lab-based studies have the advantage that you don’t get all the variables you would (get) in a natural setting.
4. So the experimenter has a much higher level of control, and that means they could be more confident about their result in some ways.
  - So the experimenter has a much higher level of control, and that means they can be more confident about their results in some ways.
5. And of course, they don’t have to worry about going out and finding the birds in order to observe them.
6. So what are the implications here for humans？ Well, because many birds are migratry they maybe transport mercury far from contaminated sides.
  - So what are the implications here for humans？ Well, because many birds are migratory, they may be transporting mercury far from contaminated sites.
7. For example, it’s been found that ducks who’ve been feeding on contaminated site will later be shot by hunters thousands kilometers away by presumebly eaten.
  - For example, it’s been found that ducks who’ve been feeding at a contaminated site were later shot by hunters over a thousand kilometers away and presumably eaten.
8. But these birds likely had mercury levels higher enough to warren concern for human consumption.
  - But these birds likely had mercury levels high enough to warrant concern for human consumption.
9. In addition, going back to song learning by birds, we saw that this may be affected by contamination.
  - In addition, going back to song learning by birds, we saw that this may be affected by mercury contamination.
10. Well, we also know that in humans, mercury causes developmental delays in the acquisition of language.
11. And in fact, this process is very similar in the brain region it involves and even regimes it involves.
  - And in fact, this process is very similar in the brain regions it involves and even the genes that are involved.
12. It’s now known that an unborn child can be affected if the food eaten by its mother contains high levels of mercury, and these effects can be quite substantial.
13. In the end, it comes down to whether more value is placed on economic well-being or environmental well-being.
14. It’s true there’re new regulations for mercury emissions from power plants, and this will leave billions of dollars to implement and increase costs for everyone.
  - It’s true there’re new regulations for mercury emissions from power plants, but this will need billions of dollars to implement and increase costs for everyone.
15. Some argue that’s too much to pay to protect wild life, the issues go beyond that. and I think that it’s a issue we need to consider very carefully.
  - Some argue that’s too much to pay to protect wild life, but as we’ve seen, the issues go beyond that, and I think it’s an issue we need to consider very carefully.
Eli_IELTS12_Test7_Section4
03/13/24, 12:00 AM
答题
1. insects
2. behavior
3. father
4. complex
5. reproduction
知识点
1. 现在完成进行时，中文翻译为一直
2. how 引导的宾语从句，后面加完整句子主谓宾
  
  what 在宾语从句中充当主语或宾语
3. mercury n. 水星；水银
  
  mercurial adj. 多变的；变化莫测的（水银随温度变化很快）
4. or so 在数字后表示“大约”
5. shine v.i. 闪耀
  
  shiny adj. 光亮的
  
  silver n. 银
  
  silvery adj. 银的
6. thermometer n. 体温计
  
  meter n. 计时表、计费表
7. toxic adj. 有毒的（英文中也可以形容人）
  
  fatal adj. 致命的
  
  fatal accident 致命事故（指有人死亡的）
8. demestic n. 家庭的；驯养的；国内的
9. power plants 电厂
10. coal n. 煤
11. burned 和 burnt 都可以做 burn 的过去式和过去分词
12. get(be) done 被动
13. deposit v. 存钱；沉淀 n. 押金
  
  withdraw v. 取钱
14. ingest v. 摄取；吸收
  
  digest v. 消化
15. excrete v. 排泄
  
  secrete v. 分泌
16. It has been known that + 完整句子
17. sub- 前缀：亚、子集
18. subtle adj. 微小的（b 不发音）
19. acquire v. 获得；习得
20. be exposed to 被暴露在
  
  exposure to
21. contaminate v. 污染
听写与原文
1. Ok. So we’ve been looking at how man-made changes in our environment can affect wildlife.
2. Mercuries one of the 128 elements that make up metal and it has the symbol - Hg.
  - Mercury’s one of the 120 or so elements that make up all matter, and it has the symbol - Hg.
3. It’s a shining silvery substance, you might have seen it in old fashioned themalmeters, but it might not use for domestic purposes, because it is highly toxic.
  - It’s a shiny silvery substance, you may have seen it in old-fashioned thermometers, but it is not used much for domestic purposes now, because it is highly toxic.
4. But the problem is that the amount of mecury in the environments increasing. The main reason for this is the power plants use to produce electricity.
  - But the problem is that the amount of mecury in the environment’s(is) increasing. The main reason for this is the power plants used to produce electricity.
5. The main source of energy that the most of them use is still coal, and when it is burnt, it release mecury into the atmosphere.
  - The main source of energy that most of them use is still coal, and when it is burned, it releases mecury into the atmosphere.
6. Some of this gets deposited into lakes and rivers, and if it is injected by a fish, it’s not exgrated. It stays in the fishes body, and it enters the food chain.
7. Some of this gets deposited into lakes and rivers, and if it is injected by a fish, it’s not exgrated. It stays in the fishes body, and it enters the food chain.
  - Some of this gets deposited into lakes and rivers, and if it is ingested by a fish, it’s not excreted. It stays in the fish’s body, and it enters the food chain.
8. So it’s(has) been known for some time that birds which eat fish may be affected.
9. But what wasn’t known until quite recently is that those that eat insects can also be affected.
10. And rather than looking at how many birds are actually killed by mercury poisoning, she is looking for more subtle sub-effects.
11. And these may be to do with the behavior of the birds and with the effect of mercury on their brain works , so whether it lead to problem of their memory, for example.
  - And these may be to do with the behavior of the birds, or with the effect of mercury on the way their brain works , so whether it leads to problems with memory, for example.
12. And she is particularly focusing on the effects of mercury on birds song, now the process of song learning happens at a particular stage at birds development.
  - And she is particularly focusing on the effects of mercury on bird song, now the process of song learning happens at a particular stage in the birds’ development.
13. And what you may not know is that a young bird seems to acquire the skill by listening the song produced by its father rather than by any other bird.
  - And what you may not know is that a young bird seems to acquire this skill by listening to the songs produced by its father rather than by any other bird.
14. And Varian-Ramos has already found in her research that if a young male bird are exposed to mercury and if they eat food contaminated with mercury then their song produced aren’t sound complex as those produced by other birds.
  - And Varian-Ramos has already found in her research that if young male birds are exposed to mercury, if they eat food contaminated with mercury, then the songs they produce aren’t as complex as those produced by other birds.
15. So, quite low-level exposure to mercury is likely to have an impact on male birds in a natural situation.
16. Because it could mean that they’re less attractive to female birds and so it can affect their chances of reproduction.
Eli_IELTS12_Test5_Section4
03/12/24, 12:00 AM
答题
1. resources
2. (unnecessary)
3. (chocolate bar)
4. (problem)
5. (market share)
知识点
1. industriousness n. hard work
  
  industrious adj. 勤劳的
2. mock v. 嘲笑 = laugh at adj. 模拟的 mock interview/exam
3. ration n. 配给量，定量
  
  rational adj. 合理的；理智的（食物只剩一些，合理定量，因此是理智的）
4. carry out 执行 = implement
5. altogether adv. 彻底地 = completely/entirely
  
  all together 所有在一起
6. possess v. 有 = have
  
  possession n. 财产
7. clear adj. 清楚的
  
  clarity n. 清楚
  
  clearness n. 清楚
8. man-hour 工时
9. increase vi./vt. (可以及物也可以不及物)
10. commercial n. 电视广告 adj. 商业的
  
  advertisment n. 广告(总称)
  
  campaign n. 战役；竞争；推销、宣传
11. subsequence n. 序列；排列（一个一个往后排）
  
  subsequent adj. 后来的；接下来的
  
  sequence n. 顺序
12. I don’t know = I have no idea
13. derive v. 提取；得到；派生
  
  sth. is derived from sth./somewhere.
  
  derive sth. from sth..
14. seem + adj.
15. novel n. 小说 adj. 新颖的
  
  novelty n. 新颖性
16. identify v. 识别
  
  identification n. 识别；身份
  
  identical adj. 一模一样的
  
  A is identical to B
17. strive for 为…而努力，争取…，追求…
18. It takes time for sb. to do sth.
19. command v. 命令；博得、赢得 n. 指令
20. market share 市场份额
听写与原文
1. It’s easy to mark people who say they work hard. After all, a hamster is running around a wheel is working hard, and getting nowhere.
  - It’s easy to mock people who say they work hard. After all, a hamster running around a wheel is working hard, and getting nowhere.
2. Of course, hard work is valuable, but only one properly targeted, otherwise wastes the resources that company values most: time and energy.
  - Of course, hard work is valuable, but only when properly targeted, otherwise it wastes the resources that companies value most: time and energy.
3. There’s a management model that a groups of people are according to four criteria: clever, hard working, stupid, and lazy.
  - There’s a management model that groups people according to four criteria: clever, hard working, stupid, and lazy.
4. Here, lazy means having a rational determination not to carry out unnecessary tasks, it doesn’t mean trying to avoid work all together.
  - Here, lazy means having a rational determination not to carry out unnecessary tasks, it doesn’t mean trying to avoid work altogether.
5. Most people display two of these characteristics, and most valuable people are those who were clever and lazy.
  - Most people display two of these characteristics, and the most valuable people are those who are both clever and lazy.
6. They process intellectual clerity, and they don’t rush into making decisions. They come up with solutions that save time and energy standby the hard working group.
  - They possess intellectual clarity, and they don’t rush into making decisions. They come up with solutions to save the time and energy spent by the stupid and hard-working group.
7. Instead of more hours with the problem,the clever and lazy group looks a more effective solution.
  - Instead of throwing more man-hours at a problem,the clever and lazy group looks for a more effective solution.
8. This often works well creating and intention TV commercial for example, mightly to increase sales.
  - This often works well - creating an attention-grabbing TV commercial, for example, might lead to increased sales.
9. But it isn’t always a good thing. Some advertising campaign remeber their creativity without having any effect on sales.
  - But it isn’t always a good thing. Some advertising campaign are remembered for their creativity, without having any effect on sales.
10. This happened a few years ago with a launch of chocolate bar, subsequent research has showed plenty of consumers remember the efforts, but has no idea of what have been advertised.
  - This happened a few years ago with a launch of chocolate bar, subsequent research showed that plenty of consumers remembered the adverts, but had no idea what was being advertised.
11. The trouble is that creator pleasure from come up with the idea but wrongly assumes audience for the campaign will share that feeling.
  - The trouble is that the creator derives pleasure from coming up with the idea, and wrongly assumes the audience for the campaign will share that feeling.
12. A company that rings out thousands of make putout may seem more creative, But it may be too creative, and make smaller profit.
  - A company that brings out thousands of new products may seem more creative than a company that only has a few, but it may be too creative, and make smaller profit.
13. To solve a problem that the company’s identified just coming up with more and more novel products isn’t necessarily a good thing.
  - To solve a problem that the company has identified. Just coming up with more and more novel products isn’t necessarily a good thing.
14. We all know companies that claim they strive for excellence, but it takes a long time to achieve excellence.
15. A major study of company performance compared pioneers that is companies burning out for the first version of a product with the followers the companies copied and improved on that product.
  - A major study of company performance compared pioneers, that is, companies bringing out the first version of a particular product with followers, the companies that copied and improved on that product.
16. The study found that the pioneers commanded an average market share of 29%.
Eli_IELTS12_Test5_Section4
03/11/24, 12:00 AM
答题
1. damage
2. (side effects)
3. block (bridge)
4. confusion
5. (smartphone)
知识点
1. take sth. for granted 把某事当成理所应当的
  
  grant v. 给予、授予 = give
  
  take on sth. take 是名词(n.)看法
  
  What’s your take on this movie? 你对这部电影的看法是什么？
2. collaboration n. 合作
  
  collaborate v. 合作（有时有贬意：勾结）
  
  cooperate v. 合作（意思比较中性）
  
  cooperate/collaborate with sb. on sth.
3. the trouble with sth. is that
4. by all means 不择手段
5. as a result 作为结果
6. not at all adv. 绝不
7. backfire vi.（不及物）反噬、事与愿违（枪从后面打出子弹）
  
  sth. backfire
8. arise vi. （不及物）出现
  
  arise from/out of sth.
  
  rise vi.（不及物）上升
  
  raise vt.（及物）提升
9. side effect 副作用
10. by the way 顺便
  
  on one’s way 在路上
  
  in the way 阻挡
  
  be/get in the way of
11. building blocks n. 积木；也常用作比喻是某事的重要组成、基础
  
  construct v. 建造（建筑）
  
  constructive adj. 建设性的
12. intend vt. 想要、倾向做
  
  虽然及物，但常见用法是 be intended to
  
  intention n. 意图
13. With A doing/done, 主句.
14. brilliant adj. very very good
  
  great adj. very good
15. aptitude n. 天赋
16. comply with 遵守
  
  abide by 遵守法律
  
  adhere to 遵守
17. suit vt.（及物）适合
  
  This clothes suits me.
  
  虽然及物，但也常见这种用法：be suited to do sth.
18. sale adj. 促销；打折
  
  sales n. 销售额；销售
19. consistent adj. 保持一致
  
  consistency n. 黏稠度（烹饪）
  
  constant adj. 不变的
20. launch v. 发布（产品）
  
  release v. 发布（软件）
21. director n. 导演；头儿（领导）
22. aim at
  
  be aimed at
23. market vt. 营销 n. 市场
  
  marketing n. 市场营销
24. meet the needs of 满足需求
  
  meet demand
25. have one’s way 让他成功/得逞/走
听写与原文
1. In public discussion of business, we take certain values for granted.
2. Today I’m going to talk about four of them, collaboration, hard work, creativity, and excellence.
3. Most people would say they’re all good things. I’m going to suggest that over simple view.
  - Most people would say they’re all good things. I’m going to suggest that’s an over simple view.
4. The trouble with these values is that they’re theoratical concepts, removed from reality of day to day business.
  - The trouble with these values is that they’re theoretical concepts, removed from the reality of day-to-day business.
5. Persue values by own means, but people prepared as for result, they can actually cause damage, which is not at all intention.
  - Persue values by all means, but be prepared for what may happen as a result. They can actually cause damage, which is not at all the intention.
6. But all too often, the right thing back fires, which without understanding and managing the side-effect that rise.
  - But all too often the right thing backfires, if those leaders adopt values without understanding and managing the side effects that arise.
7. The values can easily get in the way of what’s actually intended.
8. On a management training course I once attended , we were put into groups and had to construct a bridge across a stream, using building blocks we were given.
  - On a management training course I once attended , we were put into groups and had to construct a bridge across a stream, using building blocks that we were given.
9. The rule was that everyone in the team had to move at least one building block during the construction. This was intended to encourage teamwork.
10. But it was really a job best on by one person, the other team try to collaborate and building the structure and decendent to confusion. with anyone get in each other’s way.
  - But it was really a job best(adv.) done by one person. The other team tried to collaborate on building the structure, and descended into confusion, with everyone getting in each other’s way.
11. All I team leaders solved chanllenge bullinly.
  - Our team leaders solved the challenge brilliantly.
12. She simply asked everyone in the team to move a piece just cetermeters to comply with the rule, and asked with atitude to build it alone.
  - She simply asked everyone in the team to move a piece a few cetermeters to comply with the rule, and then let the person in the team with an aptitude for puzzles like this build it alone.
13. We finished before any other team. My point is that the task wasn’t really suited to teamworking, so why make it one.
14. Teamwork can also lead to inconsistency, a common call is poor sales.
  - Teamwork can also lead to inconsistency, a common cause of poor sales.
15. In the case of a smartphone that a certain company launched, one director wanted to target the business market, and the other demanded was in the consumers.
  - In the case of a smartphone that a certain company launched, one director wanted to target the business market, and another demanded it was aimed at consumers.
16. The company wanted both director to be involve, so give the product a consumer friendly name but marketed it to companies.
  - The company wanted both directors to be involve, so gave the product a consumer-friendly name, but marketed it to companies.
17. The result was neither group, it would be better for one director or the other have its way. not both.
  - The result was that it met the needs of neither group. It would have been better to let one director or the other have his way, not both.
Eli_Scientific_American_6
03/10/24, 12:00 AM
知识点
1. like n. 喜欢的东西 v. 喜欢 prep. 像
  
  I like(v.) my dad. 我喜欢我爸爸
  
  I am like(prep.) my dad. 我像我爸爸
2. alone adj. 单独的（数量上）
  
  lonely adj. 孤独的（心理上）
3. broadcast v. 广播、传播（信息）
4. 动名词作主语：Doing + sth. + 谓语 + 宾语
5. give sb. sth.
  
  give sth. to sb.
6. sense of belonging 归属感
  
  sense of … xx 感
7. subject n. 实验对象
8. have sth. done 表被动让某事被做
  
  My assignments have been done by me.
  
  I have my assignments done.
9. stimulate v. 刺激
10. point of view n. opinion
11. process v. 处理（抽象的处理过程） n. 过程
12. got to = get a chance to do
13. vary vi. （很多东西）是不一样的（不及物）
  
  Students’ projects vary in terms of their subjects.
  
  varying adj. 不同的 = different
14. amount of + 不可数名词 air/money/water
  
  number of + 可数名词
15. in terms of 至于…而言、关于
16. worth adj. 有价值（注意记性）
17. maximize v. 最大化
  
  minimize v. 最小化
18. bucks = dollars
科学美国人
1. If you enjoy sharing all your likes and dislikes on facebook, you definitely not alone.
  - If you enjoy sharing all your likes and dislikes on Facebook, you’re definitely not alone.
2. Research finds that broadcast in personal opinion gives people the same sense of word of earning money.
  - Research finds that broadcasting personal opinions gives people the same sense of reward as earning money.
3. Study subject had their brain scanned while either talk their opinions or judge the believes of another.
  - Study subject had their brain scanned while they either talked about their opinions or judged the beliefs of another.
4. And sharing their own point of view stimulate more part of activities the reward process to the subject’s brains.
  - And sharing their own point of view stimulated more activity in the reward-processing parts of the subject’s brains.
5. In another experiment, participants got to choose reporting among their opinion, judges of announces’ opinion ,or answering true or false question.
  - In another experiment, participants got to choose among reporting their own opinion, judging someone else’s opinion, or answering a true or false question.
6. And for each choice, they could earn varying amounts of money.
7. Rather than maxmize their winning by answering the questions , people prefer to talk about themselves, even though they sacrifice average of 17% potential earnings to do it.
  - Rather than maximize their winnings by answering the questions that were worth the most cash, people preferred to talk about themselves, even though they sacrificed an average of 17% of their potential earnings to do it.
8. For the participants, sharing personal information was their own reward.
  - For the participants, sharing personal information was its own reward.
9. Which means that people like comedian PO, who is taking photos for lunch, probably feel like a million box.
  - Which means that people like comedian Patton Oswalt, who tweets photos of what he’s having for lunch, probably feel like a million bucks.
2024-03-10 Reading
03/10/24, 12:00 AM
2023 考研英语一 Text1
1. resist v. 拒绝
  
  persist v. 坚持
  
  insist v. 坚称
2. sympathy n. 同情 v. 赞同
  
  sympathy/sympathize with v. 同情、理解、支持
  
  empathy n. 共鸣
3. sector n. 职业行业
  
  industry n. 职业行业
  
  field n. 领域
  
  profession n. 职业
  
  business n. 商业、买卖
4. mitigate v. 缓解、减轻
5. dismiss v. 不予考虑、摒弃、对…不屑一提
  
  dismiss sth. as sth. 摒弃某事当作某事（不好的）
6. partisan adj. 盲目拥护的 n. 盲目支持者
  
  bipartisan adj. 两党的
7. give A B
8. Among 开头且后面直接加谓语，因为介词短语不可能当主语，因此是倒装
9. disproportionate adj. 不成比例的
10. curriculum 课程（整个体系）（curricula 复数）
  
  course 一门课（课程本身）
  
  class 一堂课（一天中的课时）
  
  session 一段时间（一节课中的一部分）
11. consensus n. 共识
  
  consensus on sth.
12. slant vi. 倾斜
13. sway v. 摇摆；受影响 n. 摇摆；控制
2023 考研英语一 Text2
1. community n. 群体（主要指人）
2. rent v. 租房 n. 房租
  
  rental n. 租的商品（房、车等）
3. take off vi.（不及物）起飞、成功
4. inventory n. 库存
5. developer n. 房地产开发商；程序猿
6. swaths of 很多（量词）
7. flip a house 翻新房子
8. vacancy n. 空缺
  
  vacant adj. 空缺的
9. 任何时间短语都可以当状语，例如 The day/Anytime + 句子.
10. crux n. （难题或问题的）关键、最难点、症结
11. de facto 实际上存在的（不一定合法）= in fact
12. disguise v. 伪装
  
  disguise A as B
13. rein in 限制（本义是拉马的缰绳）
14. on top of 在…基础之上、加上 = besides
15. levy n. 征收额（尤指税款） v. 征收、征税
  
  levy a tax
16. feasible adj. 可行的 = OK